Low-Functioning Autism

Low-functioning autism refers to children or adults with the type of autism that causes severe symptoms, affecting their daily functioning. They also often suffer from some form of intellectual disability.

Children with low-functioning autism need far more support from their caregivers than children with other forms or levels of autism. They tend to face severe social difficulties, are usually nonverbal, and have rigid behavior patterns.

Therapies and treatment can help manage the condition, but early intervention is critical for success. These children are unlikely to be able to live independently as adults and need intensive therapy and round-the-clock support with basic activities.

Children with low-functioning autism will most likely exhibit symptoms from early childhood. They usually have severe social, communication, and behavioral limitations, including:

• Inability to self-soothe
• Inability to form bonds
• Limited or no verbal skills
• Difficulty expressing empathy
• No eye contact
• Difficulty understanding gestures or facial expressions

While some symptoms may be shared with other forms of autism, children with low-functioning autism have more pronounced and intense symptoms than others on the autism spectrum. 

• Echolalia, which is the meaningless repetition of another person’s words
• Actions causing self-harm, such as pulling hair, biting, or hitting themselves
• Movements of self-stimulation, such as spinning in circles or walking in circles
• Seizures
• Gastrointestinal issues
• Aggressive behaviors, such as biting, hitting, and kicking other people
• Poor impulse control
• Emotional volatility, such as crying and shouting
• Sensory overwhelm from crowded areas, loud noises, and bright lights

Children with low-functioning autism are also more likely to have co-morbid conditions, such as Fragile X syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, and epilepsy.

Parents with children with more than two symptoms of autism should take them in for autism screening as soon as possible. Children may be diagnosed as early as 12-18 months. Doctors usually wait until the child is a little older to confirm the diagnosis. However, behavioral therapy can be started immediately. As always, early intervention can significantly improve functioning for children on the autism spectrum.

Low-functioning autism is more likely to be identified if the child scores below 80 on an IQ test.

Low-functioning autism causes behaviors that limit a child’s ability to function independently in their daily life. They are on the opposite end of the spectrum from children with high-functioning autism, who tend to be closest to their neurotypical peers.

Children with low-functioning autism may need daily assistance with basic activities.

• They usually require help with grooming, dressing, or using the bathroom.
• Non-verbal children may need assistance in their daily life.
• Children with self-harming behaviors may need round-the-clock support to help them avoid self-injury.

At Sunshine Advantage, our ABA therapists provide tailored support for children with low-functioning autism, ensuring they have the best opportunities to develop life-long habits that help them manage their condition successfully.

Each child receives a personalized treatment plan that addresses their unique needs and goals. In collaboration with other providers, we offer Physical Therapy (PT), Occupational Therapy (OT), and Speech Therapy for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to care, focusing on all aspects of your child’s development.

To explore how ABA therapy can help your child, call Sunshine Advantage at 855-523-2327 or contact us online.